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PRESS 0R MOLD FOR COATING ARTICLES WITH GELLULOID, 3w. 1%. 280,745.Patented July 3, 1883.

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J. W. HYATT. PRESS 0R MOLDPOR COATING ARTICLES WITH GELLULOID, &c. No.280,745. Patented-July 3, 1883.

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UNITED STATES PATENT @FFICE.

JOHN W. HYATT, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE GETTLULOIDMANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEWV YORK, N. Y.

PRESS OR MOLD FOR COATING ARTICLES WITH CELLULOID, dc.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 280,745, dated July 3,1883.

Application filed May 18, 1853. (No model.)

To (ZZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. HYATT, a citizen of the United States,-residing in Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New J ersey,have invented certain newand useful improvements in presses or molds forcoating or covering articles with celluloid or other compound ofpyroxyline or analogous plastic material; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

The invention relates to an improvement in presses or molds for coatingor covering articles with celluloid or other compound of pyroXyline; andit consists in a novel method and apparatus hereinafter described, andparticularly pointed out in the claims.

The object of the invention is to afford a means whereby a number ofarticles may be simultaneously coated or. covered with celluloid,whether the same be of irregular or uniform outline.

The invention will be readily understood fromthe following description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is acentral vertical transverse section of an apparatus embodying theelements of the invention. Fig. 2 is a side view of same. Fig. 3 is atop view. Figs. 4 and 5 are detached views of the diaphragm, hereinafterdescribed.

A and B denote, respectively, the upper and lower platens of the pressor mold, which platens are secured at their four corners by the bolts D,passing through their ears E. The lower platen, B, is immovably secured,while the upper platen, A, is capable of avertical movement uponthebolts D. Resting upon the annular shoulder F at the upper ends of thebolts D is the supplemental plate G, which is retained in position uponthe shoulders by the nuts H. At the center of the plate G is formedathreaded aperture, in which the powerscrew I has avertical movementwhen revolved by the hand-whee1 J or equivalent device. The lower end ofthe screw I is collared in the central portion of the upper surface ofthe platen A, as indicated, whereby when the or are cast hollow, asshown in Fig. 1, and are supplied around their edges with correspond-"ing grooves, in which packing of rubber or other suitable material(lettered M) is placed,

and from the hollow portion of the upper platen 1 a pipe, N, passes to asuitable supply for water, steam, or other suitable agent, and from thesaid hollow portion of the upper platen an escape-pipe, 0, leads fromthe press. The lower platen is also provided with a supplypipe, P, anddelivery Q, for steam, water, or other agent. x

S and T indicate two rectangular frames, of brass or other appropriatematerial, each. of which is provided with a diaphragm, a, of rubber orother suitable flexible or elastic material. The diaphragm a has itsedges secured in the frame S, and will preferably be bulged or hungloosely at its center-that is to say, it will not be drawn taut betweenthe sides and ends of the frame. The two framesS and T, with theirdiaphragm, are the same in all rcspects and particulars, and are ofappropriate size to fit upon the packing M, arranged around the edges ofand between the platens A B. I

In the operation of my invention the platen A is drawn to the upperportion of the rods D. A sheet of plastic material, d, is placed uponthe diaphragm of the frame T, (the frames ith their diaphragms being atthis time removed from the press.) The articles to be coated, whetherthey be knife-handles, umbrella-handles, or other devices, are laid uponthe sheet of celluloid (I, being removed from each other a suitabledistance, according to their thickness and outline. Another sheet ofcelluloid is then placed upon these articles to be coated, and then theframe S, with its diaphragm a, is placed evenly upon the frame T, afterwhich the two frames S T in this condition are slid between the platensA B, being allowed to rest upon the packing M of the lower platen, B.This step of the process being completed, the upper platen, A, by meansof the screw I, is forced downward until its packing M presse directlyupon and surrounds the edges of th( frame S. The platen A is screwedfirmly down upon the frame S, whereby air-tight joints are formedbetween the platens A B, and the frames S T, and the water, steam, orother element which. is admitted to the hollow portions c f is preventedfrom escaping except through its proper delivery. After the platen A hasbeen screwed firmly down upon the frame S, hot water, steam, or otherheating agent is admitted under, say, a pressure of about one hundredand twenty-five pounds to the square inch, more or less according tocircumstances, through the supply-pipes N P to the hollow portions cf ofthe platens A B, the effect being that the diaphragms a c and the sheetsof celluloid d (l are pressed toward each other and around the articlesm being coated. As the diaphragms move toward each other, they cause thesheets of celluloid to meet between the articles, forming joints andinsuring the complete incasement of the articles in such manner thatthey can be separated and finished without injuring or disfiguring thecoating. The combined heat and pressure of the said agent operates tosoften the celluloid and wrap it closely around the articles, and toweld together those portions of the opposite sheets which come incontact with each other between the articles to be coated. After theheating agent has been continued under pressure against the diaphragnisa a a suflieient length of time to effect the welding of the sheets ofcelluloid or other pyroxyline material, as aforesaid, it isrelieved, andwater or other cooling agent, also under pressure, is admitted to thechambers of, whereby the celluloid is cooled and caused to set in thecondition given to it by the heating agent.

The outlet-pipes Q 0 for the agent admitted through the pipes N P mayreturn to the source of the supply separately, or they may bejoined to asingle return-pipe; or, in lieu of either of these arrangements, theremay be one supply-pipe leading into the upper platen, and by means of atelescopic packed joint con neeting the pipe 0 with the pipe Qimmediately adjacent to the side of the press. The hot water or steammay be admitted through the telescopic joint to the platen and find itsway back to the supply by means of the pipe Q, thus dispensing with thetwo separate return-pipes and making an unbroken circuit from thesupplythroughthcpress. The parts of the telescopic joint will extend andcollapse with the movement of the platen A, so as to permit theoperation above described. Any degree of heat that will soften andpermit the welding of the celluloid or other ma terial, and anydesirable means for conveying the heating agent to the upper andlowersides of the rubber sheets a. a, may be adopted with satisfactoryresults, the main object being that suiiieient heat and pressure besecured to press and weld the two sheets around the article or articlesto be coated.

It is obvious that in lieu of securing the diaphragms or sheets a (I tothe metallic frames,

as specified, the said diaphragms may have their edges secured to theedges of the platens of the press thus made to effectuate theirfunctions in the operation of the invention.

\Vhile in the foregoing description I have specified the use of steam orwater pressure, it will appear plain to those skilled in the art towhich the invention relates that air-pressure may be employed in lieu ofsteam or water with good results.

After the sheets of pyroxyline material have been subjected to theaction of the press, they will be cut vertically between the articles,which will then be finished in any convenient way.

lVhat I claim as myinvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The method herein described of coating one or more articles withcelluloid or other plastic material, which consists in placing the samebetween sheets of the material, which sheets are encompassed bydiaphragms or sheets of flexible material, and then a plying pressure tothe upper and lower sides of the diaphragms, substantially as set forth.

2. The process herein described of coating one or more articles withcelluloid or other plastic material, which consists, first, in. plae ingthe article or articles between two sheets of the material; second,placing said sheets of material and the inclosed article or articlesbetween two sheets or diaphragms of 'llexible material; third, inclosingthe whole between two chambers; and, fourth, applying pressure withinsaid chambers, whereby the sheets 01. celluloid or other material andthe diaphragms are caused to be pressed toward each other around thearticle or articles to be coated, substantially as set forth.

3. The process herein described of coating one or more articl withcelluloid or other plastic material, which consists, first, in placingthe article or articles between two sheets of the material; second,placing said sheets of material and the inclosed article or articlesbetween two diaplnragms ot' flexible material; third, inclosing thewhole between. two chambers; fourth, admitting a heating agent underpressure to the said chambers; and, fifth, relieving the heating agentand admittingacooling agent also under pressure, substantially as setforth.

4. The press herein described, consisting of the upper and lowerplatens, having interior chambers connected with supplyand deliverypipes, in combination with two separable diaphragms of rubber or otherflexible or elastic material, substantially as set forth.

5. The separable diaphragms, of rubber or other flexible or elasticmaterial, in combination with a means for applying fluid-pressure on theupper and lower side thereof. for the purpose of pressing the twodiaphragms to ward each other and against the material. and article orarticles inclosed by them, substantially as set forth.

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6. The platens A B, having interior chamthe packing M, in combinationwith the diabers, in combination with the diaphragmsaa, phragms a a,substantially as set forth. IO inolosed by the frames ST, the chambersbe- In testimony whereof I affix my signature in ting provided withsupply and delivery pipes, presence of two witnesses. 5 substantially asset forth. JOHN W. HYATT.

7. The platens A B, having the chambers Witnesses: provided with supplyand delivery pipes and CHAS. C. GILL, supplied around their meetingedges with HERMAN GUSTOW.

